Byzantine art thrived from about 300 A.D into the
1400s, growing out of the early Christian world.
It was named after Byzantium, the capital city of
the Roman Empire, which was later called Constantinople
and Istanbul.
Romanesque art in Western Europe was popular from
about 800 A.D. to the 1100s. The Romanesque
style was named after Roman art which
was only one of the many sources that inspired the
Romanesque period.
The Gothic style arose in the 12th century, at the
height of the Middle Ages, an era of
wealth and certainty, and dominated until the end
of the fifteenth century. Christianity was prospering
with the building of magnificent Gothic cathedrals.
In contrast to the Romanesque and Byzantine styles,
the most notable feature of the art of
the Gothic period is its increased earthiness, first
appearing in Italian artistry in the late 13th century.
The Renaissance or period of "rebirth,"was
a period of great cultural accomplishment which lasted
more than three hundred years. This concept of rebirth
is at the heart of the Renaissance style: artists,
scholars, architects, and leaders held that the path
to enlightenment was to study the Golden Ages of
the ancient Greeks and Romans.